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句子
When he grew older William Smith taught himself surveying from books he bought with his small savings and at the age of eighteen he was apprenticed to a surveyor of the local parish.
问题
句子分析（俗称“长难句分析”）是训练提高基础阅读能力的有效手段。我们通过对托福(TOEFL)、雅思(IELTS)、GRE、考研以及四六级等考试中真实出现过的句子（如真题、TPO，剑桥系列）进行结构化分析，可以有效提升句子理解的准确性和效率。朗播通过近百万的用户实际数据分析发现，练习 300-400 个句子，会让阅读能力有显著提升。请按顺序阅读句子，并思考：

1. 句子属于哪种结构类型？简单句？并列复合句？主从复合句？
2. 句子由哪些子句构成，连接这些子句的关联词是什么？
3. 每个子句中各个语法成分分别是哪些？
4. 句子的中文意思是什么？
学会分析长难句 ----> 上朗播网 答案
1. 并列复合句
2. 原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词
  • 子句-1
    He grew older.
    子句类型:
    状语从句
    连接词: WHEN
  • 子句-2
    William Smith taught himself surveying from books.
    子句类型:
    并列句
    连接词:
  • 子句-3
    He bought the books with his small savings.
    子句类型:
    定语从句
    连接词:
  • 子句-4
    At the age of eighteen he was apprenticed to a surveyor of the local parish.
    子句类型:
    并列句
    连接词: AND
3. 句子成分
  • 子句-1
    He [主语] grew [系动词] older. [表语]
  • 子句-2
    William Smith [主语] taught [谓语] himself [间接宾语] surveying [宾语] from books. [定语]
  • 子句-3
    He [主语] bought [谓语] the books [宾语] with his small savings. [状语].
  • 子句-4
    At the age of eighteen [状语] he [主语] was apprenticed to [谓语] a surveyor [宾语] of the local parish. [定语]
4. 句子翻译
  • 子句-1
    He grew older.
    他长大了。
  • 子句-2
    William Smith taught himself surveying from books.
    William Smith开始自学测量学。
  • 子句-3
    He bought the books with his small savings.
    他用自己少量的积蓄买书。
  • 子句-4
    At the age of eighteen he was apprenticed to a surveyor of the local parish.
    在18岁时，他拜当地教区的一位测量师为师。
  • 全句
    When he grew older William Smith taught himself surveying from books he bought with his small savings and at the age of eighteen he was apprenticed to a surveyor of the local parish.
    随着年龄的增长，William Smith开始用自己少量的积蓄买书来自学测量，并且在18岁时，他拜当地教区的一位测量师为师。
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考点解析
根据朗播专家权威分析，句子“When he grew older William Smith taught himself surveying from books he bought with his small savings and at the age of eighteen he was apprenticed to 英语长难句解析 ”主要针对以下知识点进行考查，关于这些知识点的讲解如下：
并列复合句
并列复合句含有两套或者更多相互并列的主谓结构的句子。
①Water has weight; air has weight too, but it is very light.
②Heat is energy, so is electricity.
并列句
并列句是构成并列复合句的简单句。
①I like action movies but I don't like thrillers.
②Take the chance, or else you will regret it.
定语从句
在主从复合句中，对名词（或者整个句子）限定修饰，起定语作用的句子，就是定语从句。
①They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
②The school that he once studied in is very famous.
状语从句
在主从复合句中，在句中作状语、起副词作用的句子，可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。
①Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
②No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
表语
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的成分。
①That remains a puzzle to me.
②The sun is up.
宾语
宾语是指一个动作（动词）的接受者，分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类，直接宾语指动作的直接对象，间接宾语说明动作的非直接，但受动作影响的对象。一般而言，及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语，而该宾语通常为直接宾语，有些及物动词要求两个宾语，则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语，另一个为间接宾语。
①He didn't say anything.
②We sent him a letter.
定语
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的成分。
①In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events.
②Possible solutions to the problem are formulated.
谓语
谓语对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明,指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。
①It is used by travelers and business people all over the world.
②I made your birthday cake last night.
系动词
本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
①That is air wrung dry of moisture.
②There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years.
主语
主语是句子陈述的对象，说明是谁或什么，表示句子说的是"什么人"或"什么事"。
①My school is not far from my house.
②To do such a job needs more knowledge.
状语
状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分,从情况、时间、处所，方式、条件、对象，肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心（或者整个句子）进行修饰或限制。
①In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown.
②It extends the scientist's thinking beyond the known facts.
以上内容为朗播网(http://www.langlib.com)原创内容，未经允许不得转载!

学员笔记

笔记分享

  • 分享于 2015-02-12 02:58 推荐
    在限定性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，绝大多数情况下都可以省略。定语从句 he bought with his small savings 修饰 book，由于 book 作 bought 的宾语，所以该定语从句省略了关系代词。
    2
  • 分享于 2015-03-05 05:13
    parish　常用词汇　 英 ['pærɪʃ] 　 　 美 ['pærɪʃ] 　 　 n.教区；教区的全体居民；地方行政区；(路易西安那州的)郡 apprentice 学徒 当。。。学徒 surveyor 测量员
    0
  • 分享于 2015-05-16 02:18
    surveying n. （土地）测量， 考察 savings n. 存款，继续 be apprenticed to sb 成为某人的学徒 parish 教区
    0
  • 分享于 2015-02-15 02:00
    parish　常用词汇　 英 ['pærɪʃ] 　 　 美 ['pærɪʃ] 　 　 n.教区；教区的全体居民；地方行政区；(路易西安那州的)郡 n. 教区以下的地方行政区; 郡以下的行政区（英国）
    0
  • 分享于 2015-06-06 04:57
    定语从句关系代词的省略条件是，当关系代词在从句作宾语。
    0
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举一反三
解密长难句真相 ----> 上朗播网 同样有并列句的句子
解密长难句真相 ----> 上朗播网 同样有状语从句的句子
解密长难句真相 ----> 上朗播网 同样有定语从句的句子
长难句分析
长难句分析是训练提高基础阅读能力的有效手段。熟练掌握 300 个左右的长难句，可有效解决托福阅读速度慢、读不懂的问题。
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