主从复合句
含有两套或更多的主谓结构,其中有一个是主要的主谓结构,其他主谓结构从属于它并且担任起句子成分。
①They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.
②He asked me where he could get such medicine.
主句
主从复合句中的主干句子,能单独使用或出现的句子。
①They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.
②He asked me where he could get such medicine.
状语从句
在主从复合句中,在句中作状语、起副词作用的句子,可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。
①Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
②No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
表语
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的成分。
①That remains a puzzle to me.
②The sun is up.
插入语
在一个句子中间插入的一个成分,不作句子的何种成分,也不和句子的何种成分发生结构关系,同时既不起连接作用,也不表示语气,这样的成分是插入语。
①One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was something.
②The success of the Colorado beetle in infesting potatoes, for example, seems to be correlated with its high tolerance to alkaloids.
定语
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的成分。
①In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events.
②Possible solutions to the problem are formulated.
同位语
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。
①A new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented.
②Most of them range in size from $5,000 to $12,500, a welcome sum to many young practitioners.
谓语
谓语对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明,指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。
①It is used by travelers and business people all over the world.
②I made your birthday cake last night.
系动词
本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
①That is air wrung dry of moisture.
②There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years.
主语
主语是句子陈述的对象,说明是谁或什么,表示句子说的是"什么人"或"什么事"。
①My school is not far from my house.
②To do such a job needs more knowledge.
主语补足语
在被动语态中,原来的宾语补足语变成主语补足语。
①The dog is called Karl.
②The door was painted white.
状语
状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分,从情况、时间、处所,方式、条件、对象,肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心(或者整个句子)进行修饰或限制。
①In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown.
②It extends the scientist's thinking beyond the known facts.