2010-3-7 10：36--11:23The scientific research and development will be well developed in a relatively free environment; therefore the government should make restrictions on it as little as possible and try every effort to support it. However, given absolute freedom to scientific researchers is also not a wise choice.   Free research can increase invention and progress easily, thus too many restrictions might encumber the balance development of science. During the Cold War, Soviet Union tried its best to enhance its military force. In order to achieve its goal, the government encouraged the development of heavy industry and funded so much money on it. Ignorance of research in other fields lead to no significant discoveries and invention occurred during that period. Without new innovations applied into the development of light industry, the welfare of the whole society reduced dramatically. Science development should have been used to improve the live quality of all the people. However, Soviet Union government's control was the paramount factor which broke the balance of scientific research and development, thus reversed science research’s original purpose. For this instance, little manipulation should the government implement to scientific field in order to encourage it develops healthily and serves for human's welfare improvement.   Government may not be quiet clear about a specific piece of research that is currently undergoing. Accordingly, government can give little meaningful instructions to scientific research and development. The restrictions usually prevent the development from freely and efficiently. In China, although government pays attention to encourage the scientific innovation, some regulations, in fact, impede the development of science. For instance, the use of research fund is detailed regulated so that some researchers cannot buy the most suitable equipments in order to follow the regulation. What' more, the wage of researchers is highly related to their achievements, which generally be measured by their papers' quality and quantity during a year. Then some researchers focus on papers publishing and ignore the basic research. If the government eliminate the trivial regulations on research fund and implement a more scientific evaluation standard, the research environment will become freer. In such a circumstance, researchers can devote themselves fully to their studies.   However, providing absolute freedom might cause other problems of equal graveness. Scientific development is a double edged-sword which can be good or evil. The application of nuclear makes people realized a promising new energy, but at the same time, it brings the threat comes from nuclear weapons. The technique of clone helps people find a new way to do the organ transplant; on the other hand, it can bring severe moral problems if scientists really clone human beings. If not properly controlled, some scientific innovation will bring disaster to us. In this aspect; it is government’s responsibility to guide the development of science.   Although absolute freedom to scientific research and development is not proper, government should never restrict too much on it, because only under a relatively free environment can scientific researchers be passionate with their work.