首页 - That is mainly because the costs of all this damage are what economists refer to as externalities: they are outside the main transaction, which is for
句子
That is mainly because the costs of all this damage are what economists refer to as externalities: they are outside the main transaction, which is for example producing and selling a field of wheat, and are borne directly by neither producers nor consumers.
问题
句子分析（俗称“长难句分析”）是训练提高基础阅读能力的有效手段。我们通过对托福(TOEFL)、雅思(IELTS)、GRE、考研以及四六级等考试中真实出现过的句子（如真题、TPO，剑桥系列）进行结构化分析，可以有效提升句子理解的准确性和效率。朗播通过近百万的用户实际数据分析发现，练习 300-400 个句子，会让阅读能力有显著提升。请按顺序阅读句子，并思考：

1. 句子属于哪种结构类型？简单句？并列复合句？主从复合句？
2. 句子由哪些子句构成，连接这些子句的关联词是什么？
3. 每个子句中各个语法成分分别是哪些？
4. 句子的中文意思是什么？
学会分析长难句 ----> 上朗播网 答案
1. 主从复合句
2. 原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词
  • 主句
    That is mainly something.
    子句类型:
    主句
    连接词:
  • 分句-1
    The costs of all this damage are something.
    子句类型:
    表语从句
    连接词: BECAUSE
  • 分句-2
    What economists refer to as externalities.
    子句类型:
    表语从句
    连接词: WHAT
  • 分句-3
    They are outside the main transaction.
    子句类型:
    同位语从句
    连接词:
  • 分句-4
    Main transaction is for example producing and selling a field of wheat.
    子句类型:
    定语从句
    连接词: WHICH
  • 分句-5
    They are borne directly by neither producers nor consumers.
    子句类型:
    同位语从句
    连接词: AND
3. 句子成分
  • 主句
    That [主语] is [系动词] mainly [状语] something. [表语]
  • 分句-1
    The costs [主语] of all this damage [定语] are [系动词] something. [表语]
  • 分句-2
    What [宾语] economists [主语] refer to [谓语] as externalities. [宾语补足语]
  • 分句-3
    They [主语] are [系动词] outside the main transaction. [表语]
  • 分句-4
    Main transaction [主语] is [系动词] for example [插入语] producing and selling a field of wheat. [表语]
  • 分句-5
    They [主语] are borne [谓语] directly [状语] by neither producers nor consumers. [状语]
4. 句子翻译
  • 主句
    That is mainly something.
    这主要是某事。
  • 分句-1
    The costs of all this damage are something.
    一切损害的代价就是某事。
  • 分句-2
    What economists refer to as externalities.
    经济学家称某事为外部性。
  • 分句-3
    They are outside the main transaction.
    它们发生在主要交易之外。
  • 分句-4
    Main transaction is for example producing and selling a field of wheat.
    例如主要交易是生产和销售一片麦田。
  • 分句-5
    They are borne directly by neither producers nor consumers.
    它们不是由生产者和消费者直接承受。
  • 全句
    That is mainly because the costs of all this damage are what economists refer to as externalities: they are outside the main transaction, which is for example producing and selling a field of wheat, and are borne directly by neither producers nor consumers.
    这主要是因为一切损害的代价都是经济学家所称的外部效应：它们发生在主要交易之外，例如生产和销售一片麦田，而且不是由生产者和消费者直接承受。
马上分享给同学:
考点解析
根据朗播专家权威分析，句子“That is mainly because the costs of all this damage are what economists refer to as externalities: they are outside the main transaction, which is for 英语长难句解析 ”主要针对以下知识点进行考查，关于这些知识点的讲解如下：
主从复合句
含有两套或更多的主谓结构，其中有一个是主要的主谓结构，其他主谓结构从属于它并且担任起句子成分。
①They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.
②He asked me where he could get such medicine.
表语从句
在主从复合句中充当表语的句子是表语从句。
①He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
②The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
定语从句
在主从复合句中，对名词（或者整个句子）限定修饰，起定语作用的句子，就是定语从句。
①They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
②The school that he once studied in is very famous.
同位语从句
在主动复合句中，作同位语的句子，表示与之同位的名词（短语）的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词（短语）加以补充说明或进一步解释。
①But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”
②The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.
主句
主从复合句中的主干句子，能单独使用或出现的句子。
①They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.
②He asked me where he could get such medicine.
表语
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的成分。
①That remains a puzzle to me.
②The sun is up.
宾语
宾语是指一个动作（动词）的接受者，分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类，直接宾语指动作的直接对象，间接宾语说明动作的非直接，但受动作影响的对象。一般而言，及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语，而该宾语通常为直接宾语，有些及物动词要求两个宾语，则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语，另一个为间接宾语。
①He didn't say anything.
②We sent him a letter.
宾语补足语
在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。
①He proved that theory very important.
②I'd prefer you to leave him alone.
插入语
在一个句子中间插入的一个成分,不作句子的何种成分,也不和句子的何种成分发生结构关系,同时既不起连接作用,也不表示语气，这样的成分是插入语。
①One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was something.
②The success of the Colorado beetle in infesting potatoes, for example, seems to be correlated with its high tolerance to alkaloids.
定语
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的成分。
①In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events.
②Possible solutions to the problem are formulated.
谓语
谓语对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明,指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”。
①It is used by travelers and business people all over the world.
②I made your birthday cake last night.
系动词
本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
①That is air wrung dry of moisture.
②There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years.
主语
主语是句子陈述的对象，说明是谁或什么，表示句子说的是"什么人"或"什么事"。
①My school is not far from my house.
②To do such a job needs more knowledge.
状语
状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分,从情况、时间、处所，方式、条件、对象，肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心（或者整个句子）进行修饰或限制。
①In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown.
②It extends the scientist's thinking beyond the known facts.
以上内容为朗播网(http://www.langlib.com)原创内容，未经允许不得转载!

学员笔记

笔记分享

举一反三
解密长难句真相 ----> 上朗播网 同样有表语从句的句子
解密长难句真相 ----> 上朗播网 同样有定语从句的句子
解密长难句真相 ----> 上朗播网 同样有同位语从句的句子
长难句分析
长难句分析是训练提高基础阅读能力的有效手段。熟练掌握 300 个左右的长难句，可有效解决托福阅读速度慢、读不懂的问题。
观看名师讲解，边看边学！
轻松扫一扫，有趣又有料
10G 托福视频教程分享群
374897650 10G GRE 视频教程分享群
305634398

请选择发起聊天的方式：

QQ帐号聊天 匿名聊天
安装 QQ