GRE 作文题目 来源于朗播用户:MARTINET
Some people believe that society should try to save every plant and animal species, despite the expense to humans in effort, time, and financial well-being. Others believe that society need not make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.]
题目分析
翻译
一些人认为,社会应尽力挽救每一动植物物种,不管花费多少人力、时间和财力。另一些人认为,社会不需要特别努力,尤其是当挽救濒危物种需要花费很多财力和人力的情况下。[说明:写一篇文章,讨论哪一个观点更加接近你自己的观点,并解释你选择这个观点的理由。在展开和支持你的观点时,你需要处理上面提到的两个观点]
指导
本题改编自老GRE的ISSUE242"Societies should try to save every plant and animal species, regardless of the expense to humans in effort, time, and financial wellbeing"。题目讨论社会对物种保护的责任问题,对比挽救物种和投入的人力、时间和财力之间的关系。话题和分析都比较简单,可以从物种保护必要性、社会责任、实际可行性等角度展开分析,然后将彼此衔接起来。需要注意两个关键词“ every ”、“ endangered”。同时也需要注意的是,本题很容易些写成类似ARGUMENT的分析,那样就偏离了要求——分析ISSUE TOPICE的时候,找出逻辑框架,在框架之内展开自己的分析,而不是ARGUMENT中对原有逻辑推理的分析。
1. 请分别列举几种“已灭绝的物种”、“濒危物种”、“暂时没有灭绝危险的物种”。
回答: dinosaur mammoth Gorilla Pantholops hodgsonii(藏羚羊) ginkgo(银杏) horse mouse cedar
2. 动植物物种对人类社会有什么意义?是否所有动植物物种都具有相同价值?请举例并简述。
回答: 维持生态多样性 维持食物链平衡 维持物质循环和能量转换的平衡(Material recycling and energy conversion) 并非都具有相同价值 家畜具有实用价值 树木具有商业价值
3. 如果放任不管,任由物种灭绝,将会导致什么样的后果?请结合具体事例简述。
回答: 全世界每天有75个物种灭绝,每小时有3个物种灭绝 生物多样性剧减 食物链被打破 物质能量循环受阻
4. 在社会挽救物种的过程中,都有哪些情况需要消耗人力、时间和财力?是如何消耗的?可结合具体事例简述。
回答: 挽救濒危物种需要为其提供良好的生存环境,需要建立动物保护区 which requires manpower,resource,
5. 面对“物种对人类的意义和价值”、“物种灭绝的可能后果”以及“挽救物种可能付出的代价”,社会应当如何衡量利弊?在此过程中应起到什么作用?
回答: 虽然代价惨重, 但考虑到其灭绝的严重后果,应当重视此问题并实施有效措施,毕竟它们的灭绝与人类的发展脱不开关系。
其他用户的回答
作文
     When it comes to the human responsiblity for conservation of the endangered species, controversy is always inevitable. Some would argue that  society is in duty bound to saving every plant and animal species, however the expense.Others hold the opposite view that such efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species is not of necessity. On balance, I  tend more colsely to incline with the former notion.     It might be tempting to believe that extinction results from the process of the so-called "natural selection" suggested by Darwin in which that stronger species survive while the weaker ones do not. This argument implies that the extinction is only due to the mother nature, we human beings, on the other hand, have no particular obligation to pay nature's debt. Furthermore, as one kind of species, human does not make an exception of the  process, as we are only behaving as animal's must.    However, at the heart of this argument lies a certain coldness and lack of compassion. As the dominant species of the planet, aren't we supposed to act like the elder brother in the family who'd always look after his younger brother? In addition, does extinction bear no relationship on humankind? Admittedly, there has been 75 species become extinct every day, at the rate of 4 species per hour, even before humankind exists. Whereas,most of the species exinction from 1000 AD to 2000 AD are owing to certain human activities, in particular destruction of plant and animal habitats, let alone other damaging side-effects of economic growth and development.     Those who accede the latter point may also argue that it is far beyond our capability to save all the endangered species, which include literally hundreds of millions kinds. Thus, we are inclined to favor the ones that serve as medicines or industrial materials for our own economic interest. In other words, the more money and jobs it would cost to save a certain species, the lower  priority we should place on doing so.     Although the proposition "saving the cheap species only" appeared to be warranted, not everything is as it seems. In this case, the certain conception "cheap species" may need to be redefined, considering the intrinsic value and the essential significance of the biodiversity. Biodiversity, comprised from genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity, is not only beneficial, but indispensable to our living condition. Once it decreased to a certain amount, the balance of the food-chain, as well as of the material recycling and energy conversion would be severely striked, which eventually leads to the extinction of all of us, without appropriate measures to be taken. From this point of view, nealy all species is equivalent in maintaining the biodiversity. Accordingly, a species is neither cheaper nor more costly than another.     In the final analysis, it is our society's responsiblity to save endangered species as much as we could, however the cost. While we are more willing to believe that we are not the source of their pain, well, as discussed above, it is partly our fault. And our conscience keeps warning us that we cannot turn a blind eye to the weak. Moreover, although the process of saving would cost a fortune, the money is worth it if we regard it as a means to saving our own lives by preserving the biodiversity which serves our best interests in the long run.   
      注:我是10月23号的新G,这是第一次完整写一篇ISSUE.. 严重超时。。感觉斟酌言辞用时过长,还有许多词汇不知如何合适表达,写作过程中也有查阅字典或参考句子。 现在作文放在最先了,应该对心态影响比较大,不知怎样提速。。望指导。。谢谢!
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