GRE 作文题目 来源于朗播用户:Sara_ZH
Laws should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.]
题目分析
翻译
法律应该是灵活的,能够考虑到不同的环境,时间和地点的。[说明:写一篇文章,讨论你同意或反对这个说法达到什么程度,并解释你选择这个观点的理由。在展开和支持你的观点时,你需要考虑这个说法可能在哪些方面成立或者不成立,并解释你所考虑的这些东西如何体现你的观点]
指导
本题改编自老GRE的ISSUE174"Laws should not be rigid or fixed. Instead, they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places"。题目讨论法律灵活性的问题。法律的制定以及执行过程中面对不同需要(稳定、全面、可行性等)以及各种新的情况。过分固定或灵活都是不实际的,所以肯定需要寻找一个平衡点。因为涉及的是比较抽象的话题,所以在论述过程中务必把论点阐述清晰并给出充足论证,回避假大空的问题。同时需要注意题目给出的“不同环境、时间和地点”的提示,要把思路放开。
1. 法律在制定和通过的实施过程是怎样的,除了法律本身,在执法过程中还有哪些相关因素?
回答: Law is the generalization of various specific cases. And it is applicable to various situation. However, there will always be some factors that make certain case difficult to define, including ethics, religion, politics.
2. 现有的法律是否能兼顾不同的环境、时间、地点?如果不能,漏洞在哪里?是否有其他方式可以对法律的漏洞进行弥补?
回答: 现有的法律已经在一定程度上做到了灵活性和普适性的统一。但是,随着社会不断发展,尤其是信息技术带来的爆炸式的科技发展,涌现出一些新事物正在给法律提出新的问题,这些问题是旧的法律所无法恰当回答的。比如说对于网络遗产的继承问题,目前的司法无法回答。例子,sns账户。例子,少数民族地区自治权。
3. 如果法律僵化固定一成不变,会有什么后果?有没有过相关的事例?
回答: 后果:不仅不能很好的维护正义,可能还会成为不正义的帮凶。1.法律本身就是人们努力的不断累积,意味着,正如同任何一门社会科学一样,法律不可能是绝对完美的。人类的认识是有可能犯错的,需要不断的慢慢修正,倘若固定僵化,则意味着错误永远存在,失去改正的机会。例子,妇女曾经没有选举权。2.新情况带来新问题,法律要随着社会一起发展。
4. 如果法律十分灵活,和原有的状态相比有什么优缺点?
回答: 优点:do justice more approriately Dis:减少stability and consistency, predictability.一方面对人们的约束力下降,因为灵活性往往意味着可以钻空子,容易被利用。另一方面,人们会因有很大的压力,因为不知道该如何行动,自己的利益是否会被保护。 例子:革命时期对于私人财产的法律规定,香港回归时大批富人的离开。 3.be a huge burden to the already stressed-out legal practitioners。
5. 颁布法律的目的是什么?
回答: 1.促进社会公正 2.保障公民权利 3.惩罚侵害他人权利的行为。 4.警示约束作用。
其他用户的回答
作文
Generally speaking, laws are made based on principle of both certainty and flexibility. It is expected that the binding forces of laws be applied to all situations in a same way . However, in real life situation, there are numerous cases whose uniqueness require the laws to be exercised with flexibility so that justice is best done. As far as I am concerned, laws should be flexible enough to cater for the specific circumstances and accomodate itself with the ever-changing social environment.
It is true that stability is an essential characteristic of laws. Consistency and predictablity are so important because without these traits, the public would be under great apprehension of uncertainty. It will affect people's decision making if they are unsure about what kind of behavior are deemed as illegal, what is conferred to them as their rights protected by the laws and what kind of remedy they can seek if their rights are infringed.  In this sense, law is like a ruler. You can never measure things with a elastic ruler.
However, it would be presumptious to equate stability with invariablility. The very quality of uniqueness of each individual cases requires that in order to be enforced with justice properly done, laws should take account of different situation that it is facing. The best example to this is minority autonomy. In China, there are five provinces where the majority of the population are made of ethnic minorities. These autonomous zones enjoy a great level of freedom in adapting laws to the local tradition. For example,  polygamy as a marital practice is generally deemed illegal, but is allowed in some minority groups, such as Yi, because it has been a normal part of their life. In allowing certain flexibility in laws, the uniqueness of the local culture and accepted practices is respected.
Moreover, the ever-changing social environment also demands that laws be adaptable. With the explosion of inventions that comes along with the information technology revolution, the society is changing so quickly that sometimes we discover that past experience become inadequate in helping us figure out how to act in a new situation. Laws, unfortunately, partly fall under this category. When new questions pop up, inflexible laws will put themselves in a difficult situation because they are too limited to do the justice right. What happened to Tencent, the Chinese counterpart of MSN, best exemplifies the dilemma of laws and the agony that the difficult situation is causing to those people involved. This company received a request from Mrs. Wong to gain access to the account of her husband, who just died in a car accident, so that she could collect some precious dialogue and picture record between them as a memory of their marriage. Even though the company feels very sorry for this unfortunate young lady, they could not fulfill her wish because according to existing laws, virtual properties are not subject to the right of inheritance. This is just one of the numerous cases in which the development of technology is posing challeges to existing laws and demands more flexibility.
To sum up, while being stable and predictable in general, laws should be made with considerable level of flexibilty and adaptablity so as to take account of various situations, both due to the intrinsic uniqueness of various social phenomenon and due to the challenge of new problems posed by the technology development. Only in this way can the justice be done in the best proper way we could.
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