People's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.]
翻译
人们的行为很大程度上是由自己不能驾驭的力量决定的。[说明:写一篇文章,讨论你同意或反对这个说法达到什么程度,并解释你选择这个观点的理由。在展开和支持你的观点时,你需要考虑这个说法可能在哪些方面成立或者不成立,并解释你所考虑的这些东西如何体现你的观点]
指导
本题讨论对个人行为负责相关的问题,题目认为个人行为并非是自己可以决定的,更多得是被外界左右。本题改编自老GRE的ISSUE93"The concept of 'individual responsibility' is a necessary fiction. Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions, people's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making",和老GRE的ISSUE156"Choice is an illusion. In reality, our lives are controlled by the society in which we live"有互通之处。在分析的过程中,可以从个人责任的意义以及是否必要,影响个人行为的因素,外界对个人行为的影响方面和具体形式、程度等方面展开思考。
1. 如果不存在“个人责任”这个概念,人们的学习、工作、生活以及整个社会的发展都会出现哪些问题?请举例并简述。
回答:
People will always attribute their behavior to other reasons rather than themselves. For example, in a car accident, the transgressor may owe the accident to the victim and the circumstances rather then his/her uncareful driving.
2. 让个人为自己的行为负责对于社会有哪些好处?请举例并简述。
回答:
Avoid conflict between people, force people to behave more rationally. For example, if one need not consider to take responsibility on what he or she does, he would do whatever he wants and ignore other people's feeling and thus destroy the social freedom.
3. 人们的行为都受到哪些因素的影响?请举例并简述。(可从内因、外因两方面分别考虑)
回答:
Subjective: personal values,interests, wills
Objective: social pressure, social values, circumstances, other people's views
4. 外界因素在哪些情况下以何种方式影响着人们的行为?请举例并简述。
回答:
Two main ways: through the events to human behavior and directly perform on him/herself.
5. 人们是否可以不顾外界环境的影响而进行自己的选择?如果可以,请举例;如果不可以,请解释原因。
回答:
Yes and No.
If the person have a strong mind and could care nothing about other people's view on him/herself, and dare not to face any kind results that could possibly come from his or her behavior, he or she could ignore the exogenous influence.
However, if not, no.