GRE 作文题目 来源于朗播用户:yby3541
Some people believe that society should try to save every plant and animal species, despite the expense to humans in effort, time, and financial well-being. Others believe that society need not make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.]
题目分析
翻译
一些人认为,社会应尽力挽救每一动植物物种,不管花费多少人力、时间和财力。另一些人认为,社会不需要特别努力,尤其是当挽救濒危物种需要花费很多财力和人力的情况下。[说明:写一篇文章,讨论哪一个观点更加接近你自己的观点,并解释你选择这个观点的理由。在展开和支持你的观点时,你需要处理上面提到的两个观点]
指导
本题改编自老GRE的ISSUE242"Societies should try to save every plant and animal species, regardless of the expense to humans in effort, time, and financial wellbeing"。题目讨论社会对物种保护的责任问题,对比挽救物种和投入的人力、时间和财力之间的关系。话题和分析都比较简单,可以从物种保护必要性、社会责任、实际可行性等角度展开分析,然后将彼此衔接起来。需要注意两个关键词“ every ”、“ endangered”。同时也需要注意的是,本题很容易些写成类似ARGUMENT的分析,那样就偏离了要求——分析ISSUE TOPICE的时候,找出逻辑框架,在框架之内展开自己的分析,而不是ARGUMENT中对原有逻辑推理的分析。
1. 请分别列举几种“已灭绝的物种”、“濒危物种”、“暂时没有灭绝危险的物种”。
回答: 灭绝:1972 Taiwan Cloud Leopard; 1922 Chinese Rhino;濒危:白颈狐猴 Varecia variegata  据世界《红皮书》统计,20世纪有110个种和亚种的哺乳动物以及139种和亚种的鸟类在地球上消失了。目前,世界上已有593种鸟、400多种兽、209种两栖爬行动物和20000多种高等植物濒于灭绝。
2. 动植物物种对人类社会有什么意义?是否所有动植物物种都具有相同价值?请举例并简述。
回答: 作用:入药,中医完全用动植物入药,副作用小;食用;保持生态平衡,plankton's photosynthesis maintain the carbon dioxide-oxygen balance;工业原料,Thermophilus aquaticus for Polymeras Chain Reaction techniques,
3. 如果放任不管,任由物种灭绝,将会导致什么样的后果?请结合具体事例简述。
回答: biodiversity is threatened and then the ecological balance, our habitat will be ruined. 湖南蛇被吃的近乎灭绝,田鼠泛滥,庄稼遭殃
4. 在社会挽救物种的过程中,都有哪些情况需要消耗人力、时间和财力?是如何消耗的?可结合具体事例简述。
回答: biologists to estimate the distinction and design the protecting plan; create nature reserve for specific species, Wolong pandas preserve; artificial cultivation of some species, mannual breeding of Yangtz alligators
5. 面对“物种对人类的意义和价值”、“物种灭绝的可能后果”以及“挽救物种可能付出的代价”,社会应当如何衡量利弊?在此过程中应起到什么作用?
回答: 尽一切可能减少物种灭绝的速度:资助相关研究,制定法律,道德宣传, 减少对现存栖息地的肆意破坏
其他用户的回答
作文
People always face the dilemma: whether to focus limited resources to protect biodiversity for our future survival or develop immediate financial profits or convenience but perhaps at the expense of environments. Although it's reported that the rate of species loss has risen to 100 to 1000 per million species annually, the powerful industrial lobbies, who control the modern discourse system, would like people to believe that we can survive while other species are quickly and quietly dying off, thus danger of mass species distinction is woefully underestimated by most people. Given the unfortunate hedonistic modern values promoted by those profit-blinded but powerful businessmen and it's impossible and unrealistic to ask most people to sacrifice money or overall conveniences (that is, it's ideal to put extraordinary efforts that we cannot stand), society should put as more efforts as it can to persuade people to save dangerous species.  First of all, species are dying off at a dramatic speed, which is mostly due to human's predatory behaviors. It's widely accepted by scholars that humans drive mass extinction faster than species can evolve, perhaps 100-1000 species loss per million, a situation comparable to the previous five "mass extinctions", the last of which was when dinosoars were wiped out 65m years ago.  Even though extinction is part of species evolution, steady rate is thought to be 1 per million every year suggested by fossil records before civilization. However, present extinction is subject to habitat destruction, habitat fragmentation, pollution, global warming,  hunting and trade, and invasive species, all of which are in direct or indirect contact with humans. Biodiversity protection is quite important even in the most self-interested and short-sighted view. The tolerant extinction is about 10 times the background rate (that is 10 per million annually) if the world was to be safe for humans, said by Stuart who was one of the Swedish scientists that responsible for thresholds of resilience study. If such limit were exceeded and ecological balance was destroyed, disasters would come, more immediate than one could imagine. Take orchids as an example: without opportunities to ingeniously adapt to specific pollinators, orchids  cannot avoid hazards of rampant crossbreeding in the wild and even assure its survival as discrete identities.  Unfortunately, driven by materialism and hedonism in this highly-industrialized era, survival pursuing for humans is precipitated as unnecessary pleasure indulgence, which leaves us no place to argue that we have sacrificed enough in protecting other species. The opponents of conservation might refer "big cost" to save species that might alternatively increase public material welfare; however, efforts are always not too much for species protection, but for unnecessary self-enjoyments. Thinking about ads,  which are mostly controlled by profit-blinded businessmen,  how many are inducing our carnal desires instead of restricting them for environments issues!  Anyway, when you're good to others, you are best to yourself. In case not get secluded or abandoned by the earth, we should clear our profit-blinded eyes to identify what is truly important for our survival. Biodiversity protection is not that difficult if we forget those stupid money and convenience stuff for just a while. Therefore, it's never outmoded for the society to highlight saving species in this interest-come-first world.
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