GRE 作文题目 来源于朗播用户:毛昞华
Governments should not fund any scientific research whose consequences are unclear. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.]
题目分析
翻译
政府不应该去资助任何预期结果不明确的科学研究 。[说明:写一篇文章,讨论你同意或反对这个建议达到什么程度,并解释你选择这个观点的理由。在展开和支持你的观点时,你要描述在具体的环境中,采纳这个建议可能会有什么好处,或不会有什么好处,并解释这些例子如何体现了你的观点]
指导
本题改编自老GRE的ISSUE44"Government should not fund any scientific research whose consequences, either medical or ethical, are unclear"。题目实际上是讨论结果不明确的科学研究是否有价值,是否应该获得政府支持的问题。分析的重点应该是两个:一是研究结果的确定性是否和研究的价值有关系;二是政府投资应该考虑哪些问题。
1. 描述一个结果并不确定的研究内容,并分析这一研究是否有价值,为什么?
回答: The research of electricity. When 1752, Franklin conducting the dangerous Kite Experiment, trying to dicover the essence of electricity, he has no sense of how much would the electricity change human life that radically, but he still risked his life doing that. For those scientists whose aim is not for some practical use of the scientific outcomes, the value of research lies in doing scientific reserach itself, discovering the true essence of the world and meeting the curiosity of human beings. However, these researches, without any practical use at that time, provide the theorotical fundation of the consequent researches, facilliating many inspiring inventions as bulb, television, computer. Researching electricity is something with unclear consequences, but no one can deny the tremendous value of that. Many valuable scientific results come accidently, as the discovery of Penicillin. Alexander Fleming was carrying out an experiment on bacteria and when he left for the weekend, a technician left a window open and by some chance, a spore drifted in and contaminated one of his pertri dishes. When he came back, a mold had grown and was destroying a colony of staphylococci. That is how the research of Penicillin, the most efficient medicine in the 20th century started. Mass-Energy Equation and Maxwell electromagnetic theory may never provide us milk and bread, but can we abandon the theoretical physics simply for those theories are inedible?
2. 从政府角度出发,判断某一研究是否有价值的依据有哪些?
回答: Economical utility: solar vehicle Meaningful for scientific development:A Large Ion Collider Experiment in Europe. Such experiments may have nothing to do with us in a short term, but it may colaborate or contradict some scientific assumptions which may change the track of science and subvert the previous theories, and those scientific value cannot be counted by merely dollars. 研究不应当太盲目:waste of money ******************************************************************* 4. Communication Redefined: Cellular communication has revolutionized the communication industry. The conventional telephone, also a piece of technology, was one of the earliest technological developments in communication. Mobile phones have broadened the horizons of communication by enabling convenient long-distance calling and mobile use. Letters have taken a backseat and emails and cell phone messages have become the easiest means to connect. Owing to developments in technology, communication is wireless. Social networking is another defining factor here. It has given an all new dimension to communication, entertainment and recreation. Satellite Technology: Satellite communication is an important facet of technology. Satellite TV and satellite radio have eased the broadcasting of events across the globe. Not just TV and radio, even communication to ships and airplanes wouldn't have been possible if not for satellite communication. It is almost impossible to enlist all the positive effects of technology on society. The fast-advancing technology on the whole, has given impetus to developments in various fields and improved the quality of human life. There's less risk, less effort, less mess. There's more leisure, more ease and more speed.
3. 描述一个国家支持的有关研究项目,其结果在研究前是不确定的。分析研究后产生的结果给国家带来了什么好处和问题。
回答: I don't know...
4. 科学研究通常会给国家、社会和人类带来什么好处和问题?请举例说明。
回答: Science technology is the symbol of human civilization. Positive Impact of Technology on Society Technology runs in the veins of society. It is an integral part of daily life. It has definitely benefited society. Automation of Processes in the Industry and the Household: Technology has automated many of the critical processes in the industry as well as the household. Imagine the amount of labor that must have been involved in industrial processes and time people must be spending doing household chores when the concept of automation did not exist. Today is the age of robotics. Changed Modes of Transport: Animals were the only modes of transport in the old days. Technology was the driving force behind the creation and design of the modern-day automobiles. Thanks to technology, the idea of having four-wheeled modes of transport gave rise to the creation of cars. Modes of air and water transport came up, saving human effort and time to a large extent and bringing distant places closer. Reduced Risk to Human Life: Technology has evolved to an extent where machines can perform tasks that are not feasible for man, either because they are risky or life-threatening or because they are beyond human capacity, like mining and space exploration. Data Management and Information Retrieval: Computer technology, needless to say, has changed the face of the world. Computers can store, organize and manage huge amounts of data. giving rise to the software industry, one of the most progressive industries of the world. The Internet that seeded from computer networking concepts is the most effective communication platform and the largest information base existing today.
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