GRE 作文题目 来源于朗播用户:Peining
Rituals and ceremonies help define a culture. Without them, societies or groups of people have a diminished sense of who they are.
题目分析
翻译
典礼和仪式有助于解释一种文化,如果没有他们,社会或者团体就会有一种迷失自我的感觉。
指导
本题讨论典礼、仪式和文化、社会之间的关系,前后两句是一种因果关系,因为仪式和典礼能够帮助定义文化,所以,没有它们,人们会迷失自我。换言之,通过各民族各文化间不同的仪式和典礼可以帮助定位某种文化,然后,这个民族,这种文化下的人们才会有明确的自我定位,否则的话,他们会失去这种定位感而迷失自我。在分析的时候应当注意以下四点:1、ritual和ceremony都有仪式典礼的意思,区别在于,ritual更偏于宗教意味的活动;而ceremony则偏向于正规严肃的典礼礼仪。通过对典礼仪式的范围(仅限宗教活动或定义为更广泛的内容,包括习俗,节日等)做限定就会出现很多不同的写法。2、要注意 help一词,这个help就限定了仪式和典礼对于文化的作用,只是有助于定义而已,而并不是只是由仪式和典礼定义,这样委婉的语言就造成了这个句子不容易去反驳。3、societies or groups of people并不是同一个范畴的两种,而是某种程度上的递进,比如说,你可以证明某个团体,某个民族失去了自我,那么是否就等于整个社会都同样如此呢,不见得,所以,对于这点,一定要保持清醒。如果你不能证明整个society的情况的话,还是把group作为你的讨论对象,而且,也要注意限定范围——多大程度的group。4、diminished sense实际上说的是一种趋势,隐含的意思是这种sense在逐渐的减少。所以,千万不能将这个问题绝对化,写成完全丧失自我之类的情况。另一方面,这样的表达实际给了很多好处,写同意的观点的话,只需要证明出来与过去相比较有减少的情况,证明出一个diminish的趋势就可以了。
1. 文化对于社会,对于个人的作用都有哪些?如果把你放进一个陌生的文化环境中,你会有哪些不适应?
回答: Culture help the society form its own style, and ensure that society move forward on a right way. Culture greatly influence a person's world outlook, which may decide his or her behavior and thought to some extent. If so, I may find it hard to accept some behavior of others. For example, if I have lunch in a small restaurant in British, I'll feel unused to keep quiet.
2. 当你和外国人聊天的时候,如果对方对于自己本国文化或者对本国庆典、仪式几乎没有任何知识的话,你会有什么样的感觉?
回答: I may feel unaccustomed and amazed at the mere mention of it, but I can understand them.Afterall, there are culture gaps between us, and it is quite possible that I know nothing about their culture, their rituals or their ceremonies as well.
3. 你的祖国的某种文化的典礼和仪式有哪些特征?其中能反映出什么文化特色?可以结合具体的典礼仪式简单描述。
回答: The rituals and ceremonies in our country may link to some ancient stories and represent some traditional moralities. For example, on the Autumn Festival, our family always get toghter to have a meal. It reflect the unity of a family and the emphasis people lay on the affection.
4. 你如何给自己做分析定位?在判断自己的位置、定义自己的过程中,会采用的是什么样的标准?这个标准来自哪里?
回答: It will view myself in a objective way.Three aspects:My inner feelings, the effort I make and the achivement I obtain. From my inner heart and the outsider person:parents friends and society.
5. 文化对于个人的影响和对社会团体甚至整个社会的影响有什么相同和不同?请举例并简述。
回答: Culture can decide the behaviors of both of them. For example, most Chinese hold a conservative view about sex. Thus when Chinese girl falls in love with someone, it's quite likely that they will insist to refuse sexual behavior before marriage.I cannot tell the difference.
6. 文化 社会 个人 意识
回答: I really don't know what to say...
其他用户的回答
作文
 
Culture give a group of people a unique way of thinking about values, ideas, moralities. All of those aspects of culture give human an understanding of how the world works and how they live and act in their own environment. The development of a certain kind of culture leads to the appearance of the rituals and ceremonies. Otherwise, the rituals and ceremonies represent the spirit of a kind of culture. I agree that ritual and ceremonies is an important part of the culture. However, its disappearance won't necessarily cause the decline in sense of who we are.
 
To begin with, there’s no doubt that the rituals and the ceremonies play an important role for culture. It represents the traditional spirit of culture. Take the Autumn Festival as an example. On this festival, any member of a family --old or young, male or female, all will try his or her best to come back to his hometown to have a dinner together with his family no matter how busy he or she is and how far away he or she goes away. From the joy of the dine party, we are aware of why the ancestors laid emphasis on the unity and affection. Likely, on the Dragon Boat Festival which is designed to commemorate an ancient Chinese patriotic poet Qu Yuan, we learn the integrity and patriotism of our ancestor by reviewing the legend of zongzi. Meanwhile, the traditional spirit give us pride for what we are.
 
However, the disappearance of rituals and ceremonies themselves cannot be the reason of the decline in the sense of who we are. An appropriate example is not far to seek. The Jewish people, whose country had been destroyed since the attack of the Roma in about 60 BC, had been forced to live a vagrant live for almost 1800 years. During this period of time, they have to live in an environment filled with other culture, and they certainly cannot keep their rituals and ceremonies. But they never forget who they are. Instead, they found their own country in 1948. Such a marvel shows that even if people have to live without their rituals and ceremonies, their sense of who they are won't fade away.
 
As long as we hold the strong sense of identification with our country, we may even feel more clearly who we are without rituals and ceremonies. Only when we are put in an environment filled with other culture, can we treasure and miss our own culture which we take pride in. The depressed feelings on our heart will intensify the sense of who we are. In other hand, if we lack the love for our own culture, we may regard the rituals and ceremonies as a custom of no sense and become indifferent about who we are.
 
To sum up, although there is no denying the fact that the rituals and ceremony is important part of culture, the sense of who we are depends on the inner sense of identification with our culture, instead of the rituals and ceremonies.
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