GRE 作文题目
来源于朗播用户：马建华
The surest indicator of a great nation is represented not by the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but by the general welfare of its people. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.]
题目分析
翻译
一个伟大国家最真实的体现不是其统治者、艺术家或者科学家的成就，而是其中所有人的全民福利。[说明：写一篇文章，讨论你同意或反对这个说法达到什么程度，并解释你选择这个观点的理由。在展开和支持你的观点时，你需要考虑这个说法可能在哪些方面成立或者不成立，并解释你所考虑的这些东西如何体现你的观点]
指导
本题改编自老GRE的ISSUE170"The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general welfare of all its people"。题目讨论国家伟大的体现形式问题，题目认为相对于个人成就，全面福利才是国家伟大的最真实体现。在分析的过程中，可以从统治者、艺术家、科学家的个人成就以及全民福利都可以展现国家哪些方面的内容，这些展现的表现形式、彼此之间的关系以及概括性、真实性等方面展开思考。需要注意：
1、无论在论述统治者、艺术家、科学家的成就还是全民福利，论点都应该在讨论的是the surest indicator；
2、题目给出的是achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists而不是国家的艺术科技政治水平，分析要针对某人的 achievement；
3、对于此题这种对比型的题目，需要注意不应孤立得去分析二者各自的利弊，而是应当将二者放在一起通过对比、类比等方法将差异展现出来，这样才能说明哪个更好。
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1. 请列举历史上的几个伟大国家、这些国家统治者、艺术家、科学家的成就以及全民福利情况。并分析这些内容在我们了解这些国家的过程中起到的作用。
回答：
美国的是典型的民主联邦制国家，涌现出很多著名的总统，比如说林肯，华盛顿，杰弗逊，富兰克林等，也有很多艺术家比如伯恩斯坦，马克吐温等，还有数不清的科学大师，比如迈克尔逊，鲍林，奥本海默等。美国尽管奉行市场至上的原则，对政府干预市场持否定态度，但是美国的福利制度也还是相当完善的：美国的福利开支占到了美国联邦政府开支的一半以上，是美国政府最大的一笔开支；
英国也是历史上伟大的国家，涌现出了丘吉尔，撒切尔夫人这样优秀的政治家，同时还有牛顿、法拉第、达尔文、麦克斯韦这些优秀的科学家，以及莎士比亚、海顿这些优秀的艺术家。英国二战结束之后也开始奉行高福利政策。
2. 统治者、艺术家或者科学家的成就和国家伟大程度之间的关系都有哪些？请结合具体国家、人物以及其成就分析并简述。
回答：
统治者、艺术家和科学家的成就能在文化、科学、政治、法律上对国家的发展做出巨大的推动作用，为社会经济的发展奠定了坚实的基础。比如，美国之所以能在两百年内成为世界超级强国，就是因为美国的开国之父们成功的建立了美国民主法治制度、思想的基础，使得科学文化经济能在这片土地上蓬勃发展。
英国的经济学家、商人和政治家们将英国变成了世界上第一个资产阶级国家，对外奉行正确的外交政策，对内发展民主法治使得英国成为了“日不落帝国”
3. 全民福利和国家伟大程度之间的关系有哪些？请结合具体国家和当时的全民福利情况分析并简述。
回答：
全民福利实际上就是一个公正问题，有了福利，全体民众的财产就可以得到重新分配，保证每个人的基本生活条件，基本教育条件和医疗条件。能有效保护一些弱势群体。这就降低了社会贫富差距，保障了社会稳定，为维护每个人的基本政治权利奠定了基础。一个国家，归根到底就是要保证每一个公民的幸福生活为最终目标，这才是判定一个国家伟大的最终标准
4. 同全民福利相比，统治者、艺术家或者科学家的成就在反映国家是否伟大的时候，是否存在局限性或者不合理的地方？如果没有，为什么？如果有，请举例并简述。
回答：
少数精英的成就也有其局限性，因为他们的成就必须要真正造福于国家的民众，切实的推动社会进步才能实现少数精英和多数普通民众之间的良性循环，这样才能保证多数人物质精神上的不断提高，以及精英成就的持续传递，保证社会整体进步
5. 还有哪些标准或者条件可以反映国家的伟大程度？这些内容同全民福利相比，有哪些优势和不足？是否全民福利是对国家伟大程度最真实的反映？
回答：
还有其他标准可以反映国家的伟大程度，比如说一个国家中每个公民的政治权利保护，伟大企业的创业历程等等
其他用户的回答
作文
I fundamentally agree with the speaker's contention that the general welfare of a nation's people is the most convincing proof to demonstrate the greatness of a nation.I admit that a great nation should not be lack of a lot of elites in politics, science and culture, but their achievements in some period cannot ensure their country remain a great country.
What is the greatness of a country ? Or ,how to estimate whether a nation is great or not? In my opinion, only are most of people in a country able to enjoy a happy and peaceful life the country deserve the greatness. It is the universal value that everybody have equal right and chance to pursue and enjoy his happy life.Moreover, the government should protect its civis being invaded.
As we know, a great nation never be lack of great elite in many aspects.The great thoughts, inventions, creations and intellegences of the elite are the gemstones in the history.Their achievements and contributions give their nation strongly power to develop its science, culture, political and legal sysytem and economy.Their achievements can enrich the nation' culture and strengthen a country's power.For instance, the Renaissance and a lot of sciensits and artists such as Galilei and Dan Vinci eliminated the dark of religion and lay the foundation of rising of western civilization.After the second world war, America became the super country in economy, science, culture, politic etc due to most of the culture and academic elite work together in it.The achievement of the elite is a necessary condition for a naiton became great.
However, I think the general welfare is the best standrad to estimate the greatness of a nation. Justice is the eternal issue in human society and welfare is a important way to realize and imply this dream now. Welfare is a effective way to recontribute the social wealth. It can ensure everybody's basic life conditon, necessary medical and clinical service and important educational resource.A workable and justice welfare system can prevent the society becoming turbulent and is the basement of social stability.That everyone in a society can share the common wealth which all the people create shows justice have been the basic value in the society and more and more great achievement of elite will appear in this stable country.For example, After the big depression, President Rossevelt established a relative complete and detailed welfare system in US. Since then, the problem of the gap of wealth in America was meditated and the society become more harmony. More cultural and scientific achievement appeared in the next fifty years.
What is the greatness of a country ? Or ,how to estimate whether a nation is great or not? In my opinion, only are most of people in a country able to enjoy a happy and peaceful life the country deserve the greatness. It is the universal value that everybody have equal right and chance to pursue and enjoy his happy life.Moreover, the government should protect its civis being invaded.
As we know, a great nation never be lack of great elite in many aspects.The great thoughts, inventions, creations and intellegences of the elite are the gemstones in the history.Their achievements and contributions give their nation strongly power to develop its science, culture, political and legal sysytem and economy.Their achievements can enrich the nation' culture and strengthen a country's power.For instance, the Renaissance and a lot of sciensits and artists such as Galilei and Dan Vinci eliminated the dark of religion and lay the foundation of rising of western civilization.After the second world war, America became the super country in economy, science, culture, politic etc due to most of the culture and academic elite work together in it.The achievement of the elite is a necessary condition for a naiton became great.
However, I think the general welfare is the best standrad to estimate the greatness of a nation. Justice is the eternal issue in human society and welfare is a important way to realize and imply this dream now. Welfare is a effective way to recontribute the social wealth. It can ensure everybody's basic life conditon, necessary medical and clinical service and important educational resource.A workable and justice welfare system can prevent the society becoming turbulent and is the basement of social stability.That everyone in a society can share the common wealth which all the people create shows justice have been the basic value in the society and more and more great achievement of elite will appear in this stable country.For example, After the big depression, President Rossevelt established a relative complete and detailed welfare system in US. Since then, the problem of the gap of wealth in America was meditated and the society become more harmony. More cultural and scientific achievement appeared in the next fifty years.
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