GRE 作文题目
来源于朗播用户：刘旸
[Claim] Nations should suspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers of their citizens are hungry or unemployed. [Reason] It is inappropriate—and, perhaps, even cruel—to use public resources to fund the arts when people's basic needs are not being met. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.]
题目分析
翻译
[观点]当一个国家中大多数公民还处于饥饿和失业状态的时候，国家应该暂停对艺术的政府资助。
[理由]当人们的基本需求没有被满足的时候，用公共资源去自助艺术是不合适甚至残忍的。
[说明]写一篇文章，讨论你同意或反对这个观点，以及支持观点的理由达到怎样的程度。
指导
本题改编自老GRE的ISSUE190"As long as people in a society are hungry or out of work or lack the basic skills needed to survive, the use of public resources to support the arts is inappropriate -- and, perhaps, even cruel -- when one considers all the potential uses of such money"。题目讨论公共资源支持艺术发展的合理性问题，题目认为相对于艺术，资金更应当用于解决社会基本问题（饥饿、失业）。在分析的过程中，可以从社会基本问题和艺术发展各自的重要性以及忽视之后可能带来的直接和间接后果、资金支持在二者发展之中的必要性以及效率效果等方面展开思考。对于此题这种对比型的题目，需要注意不应孤立得去说二者各自的利弊，而是应当将二者放在一起通过对比、类比等方法将差异展现出来，这样才能说明哪个更好。
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1. 对于社会基础问题以及艺术发展，现在各国的投资支持态度是如何的？请描述具体某国家的情况，并评价其是否合理以及原因。
回答：
大多数的国家都会把社会基础问题摆在第一位。在中国民生问题最受关注，政府发展经济的首要目标就是完善基础设施，提高人均GDP等。但是艺术还是越来越受重视。艺术领域的发展被归为了新兴文化产业，近些年政府对这一产业给予了越来越多的支持。首先，这些年，艺术院校发展迅速，培育出了一批批有秀的艺术人才。其次，国内出现了很多影视生产基地，想横店集团，将艺术做成一个产业来带动当地经济及提高人们的生活水平。当地政府也对此表示大力的支持，帮助宣传。
2. 社会基础问题（饥饿、失业）得不到解决会对社会产生哪些不良影响？请举例并简述。
回答：
首先，社会基础问题可能会影响一个国家的经济情况，进而影响整个国家的综合实力。比如美国经济大萧条造成失业率攀升，加大美国政府的负债，从而影响美国政府的信用记录，也因GDP下降财政收入减少而造成财政空缺，影响军事、政治、外交等多方面问题。又例如，许多非洲国家正在经历着大规模疾病、饥荒等基本生存问题。这些基本社会问题使国家根本无暇顾及其他方面的发展。并且如果这类问题持续得不到解决，人民将对政府失去信任。如果社会基本问题没有及时处理或处理不当，可能会造成严重的民众反抗游行甚至是叛乱，危害社会安定和谐。中国历朝历代的王朝覆灭都是由于细小的民怨没有及时处理而酿成了大错
3. 在社会基础问题解决之前是否其他任何投资行为都是不合适的？能否因为社会基础未得到解决就不去用公共资源支持艺术？请解释其中的原因。
回答：
首先，社会基础问题可能会影响一个国家的经济情况，进而影响整个国家的综合实力。比如美国经济大萧条造成失业率攀升，加大美国政府的负债，从而影响美国政府的信用记录，也因GDP下降财政收入减少而造成财政空缺，影响军事、政治、外交等多方面问题。又例如，许多非洲国家正在经历着大规模疾病、饥荒等基本生存问题。这些基本社会问题使国家根本无暇顾及其他方面的发展。并且如果这类问题持续得不到解决，人民将对政府失去信任。如果社会基本问题没有及时处理或处理不当，可能会造成严重的民众反抗游行甚至是叛乱，危害社会安定和谐。中国历朝历代的王朝覆灭都是由于细小的民怨没有及时处理而酿成了大错。
4. 如果一个国家专注于改善其社会基础而忽视了艺术发展，该国的发展会出现哪些问题？请举例并简述。
回答：
首先，艺术是可以激发创造力的。很多科技发展都源于最初在艺术上的成就。人类很多的飞跃最初都在电影中以虚构的形式呈现，它最初只是编剧的一个构想，但是却给了科技工作者灵感。所以如果艺术的不到很好的发展，那这个国家的创新意识就令人堪忧了
5. 社会基础问题和艺术二者之间存在哪些相互影响？请举例并简述。
回答：
艺术发展需要以社会基础问题解决、相应制度完善为前提。同时，社会一方面促进艺术的发展，一方面也需要艺术的发展予以巩固繁荣
其他用户的回答
作文
The speaker asserts that government should suspend funding for the
arts when significant numbers of their citizens are hungry or
unemployed because it is unjustifiable to use public resources to fund
the arts when people's basic needs are not being met. I concede that when it comes to the use of public resources it is
entirely appropriate to assign a lower priority to the arts than other
pressing social problems.However,in my view,the speaker overlook the
value of arts,and there be a balance between the material life and
spirit life.
Whether humans' material life or the spirit life is based on humans' survival.Therefore,needs for survival,such as food,clothing and shelter,are more fundamental.Under some particular circumstances,like wars or floods,it is required to assign a higher priority to use public resources to meet humans' basic needs.No one can fully enjoy their spiritual life when they are still dealing with the problems of staying warm and eating enough to avoid starvation.
However,we cannot deny the significance of arts to the development of human-beings.First,art serves to lift the human spirit and to put us more in touch with our feelings,foibles,and destiny---in short,with our own humanity.With a heightened sensitivity to the human nature,we become more others-oriented,less self-centered,more giving of ourselves.In other words,our society become more charitable------we become more willing to help those less fortunate than us.Second,we could actually help to solve these social problems such as starvation,unemployment and poverty through allocating public resources to the arts.Consider Canada's film industry,for example,which is heavily subsidized by the Canadian government,and which provides countless jobs for film-industry workers as a result.The Canadian governments also provides various incentives for American production companies to film and produce their movies in Canada.These incentives have sparked a boon for the Canadian economy,thereby stimulating job growth and wealth that can be used in education,job training ,and social programs.The Canadian example is good proof that public supports for arts can help solve some serious social problems with which the speaker is concerned.
Consequently,spirit life is indispensable.Without sprite life,there is no difference between human-beings and animals.We must find the balance between material life and spirit life.For long-term pursuit and all-around development of human society,allocating parts of public resources to support arts is quite necessary.Offering arts financial support and Using public resources to solve urgent social problem are not mutually exclusive.What government should consider most is not whether suspending funding the arts,but how to allocate public resources most optimally.
In sum,although many social problems such as hunger and unemployment should be solved urgently,the government cannot overlook supporting arts,for arts is necessary for humans,not only in spirit life,but also in material life.
Whether humans' material life or the spirit life is based on humans' survival.Therefore,needs for survival,such as food,clothing and shelter,are more fundamental.Under some particular circumstances,like wars or floods,it is required to assign a higher priority to use public resources to meet humans' basic needs.No one can fully enjoy their spiritual life when they are still dealing with the problems of staying warm and eating enough to avoid starvation.
However,we cannot deny the significance of arts to the development of human-beings.First,art serves to lift the human spirit and to put us more in touch with our feelings,foibles,and destiny---in short,with our own humanity.With a heightened sensitivity to the human nature,we become more others-oriented,less self-centered,more giving of ourselves.In other words,our society become more charitable------we become more willing to help those less fortunate than us.Second,we could actually help to solve these social problems such as starvation,unemployment and poverty through allocating public resources to the arts.Consider Canada's film industry,for example,which is heavily subsidized by the Canadian government,and which provides countless jobs for film-industry workers as a result.The Canadian governments also provides various incentives for American production companies to film and produce their movies in Canada.These incentives have sparked a boon for the Canadian economy,thereby stimulating job growth and wealth that can be used in education,job training ,and social programs.The Canadian example is good proof that public supports for arts can help solve some serious social problems with which the speaker is concerned.
Consequently,spirit life is indispensable.Without sprite life,there is no difference between human-beings and animals.We must find the balance between material life and spirit life.For long-term pursuit and all-around development of human society,allocating parts of public resources to support arts is quite necessary.Offering arts financial support and Using public resources to solve urgent social problem are not mutually exclusive.What government should consider most is not whether suspending funding the arts,but how to allocate public resources most optimally.
In sum,although many social problems such as hunger and unemployment should be solved urgently,the government cannot overlook supporting arts,for arts is necessary for humans,not only in spirit life,but also in material life.
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