GRE 作文题目
来源于朗播用户：刘思澄
Formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.]
题目分析
翻译
正式教育有束缚而不是解放我们思想和精神的趋势。[说明：写一篇文章，讨论你同意或反对这个说法达到什么程度，并解释你选择这个观点的理由。在展开和支持你的观点时，你需要考虑这个说法可能在哪些方面成立或者不成立，并解释你所考虑的这些东西如何体现你的观点]
指导
本题讨论教育对人们思想的影响，题目认为虽然教育原本是要解放思想，但实际上却把思想和精神束缚了。此题改编于老GRE的ISSUE128 "It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. In reality, however, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free"和老GRE的ISSUE104 "It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears"可以相互借鉴。分析前首先要了解formal education的内容，其包括以下五部分：formal education包括：primary education、secondary education、higher education、adult education、alternative education、indigenous education。在分析的过程中，可以从人们对解放思想和精神的需求、教育设置的目的、正式教育的具体形式、正式教育对人们的正负面影响、解放或束缚思想和精神的具体行为等方面展开思考。
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1. 请列举几个国家（例如：中国、美国）的教育制度以及内容，并对比这些制度的设置目的、具体方式、对学生思想和精神的影响以及效果。
回答：
2. 教育的目的是否是“解放思想和精神”，解放思想和精神对于学生、社会、国际以及教育本身的发展有哪些正负面影响？请举例并简述。
回答：
3. 现实情况下，正式教育培养学生的目的有哪些？给学生传递了哪些信息？这些信息对学生会产生哪些作用？请举例并简述。
回答：
4. 教育中的哪些内容会起到解放思想和精神的作用，哪些内容会束缚思想和精神？请举例并简述。
回答：
其他用户的回答
作文
Formal education, which is a period of life that many have to experience, is being criticized by more and more people. Among the masses of criticisms is that formal education tend to restrain people's minds and spirits, while it should have to set them free. Although there is some truth in this opinion, I am not pessimistic about formal education. Indeed, I believe that rather than restraining our minds and spirits, formal education lay a foundation for free minds and spirits.
It is true that we can find some evidence in the real world to support the claim that students' minds are restrained by formal education. Since in some countries, there are examinations which can determine the fate of students to a large extent (take the College Entrance Examination in China as an example), the formal education in these countries inevitably tend to be stylized and examination-oriented. In such situations, the creative and critical thinking ability of students are thought to be useless because they offer no help to answer the stereotypical questions of the examinations. For example, in China, the only thing that lots of high school students do everyday is doing endless exercises again and again and it goes without saying that they have neither time nor motivation to develop innovative ideas.
Fortunately, such phenomena only represent a small part in today's formal education. In general, on my opinion, instead of depriving spirits and minds of freedom, formal education establishes the base of them. To begin with, formal education teaches the principles of thinking to students, which is the prerequisite of free minds. Unconditional liberal minds may bring some horrible consequences, like extreme ethnocentrism produces ethnic cleansing, which has happened several times in the human history and nobody wishes it happen again. One of important issues that formal education dedicates to is teaching students some absolute moral principles that must be followed, whose purpose is ensuring that everyone's spirits and minds will be healthy and free. Like the laws guarantees people's freedom by prescribing people's obligations, the formal education assures the freedom of minds by ruling out principles for minds, since one's unconditional liberal minds may infringe on others' freedom.
Additionally, formal education imparts knowledge to people, which is the foundation of free thinking. If one wants to think freely in a field, he or she must accumulate enough knowledge first. All of the great thinkers in human history, for example, from Socrates to Sartre, is an expert in his or her field before a creative thinker. Without enough accumulation of knowledge, free minds and spirits are just imaginations and dreams, since one will never know what to think in a field without knowing about it. It is the formal education that helps people to amass knowledge and people could hardly meet this standard without receiving formal education.
To sum up, although there are some situations where formal education restrains students' creative abilities, they are just exception cases.
It is true that we can find some evidence in the real world to support the claim that students' minds are restrained by formal education. Since in some countries, there are examinations which can determine the fate of students to a large extent (take the College Entrance Examination in China as an example), the formal education in these countries inevitably tend to be stylized and examination-oriented. In such situations, the creative and critical thinking ability of students are thought to be useless because they offer no help to answer the stereotypical questions of the examinations. For example, in China, the only thing that lots of high school students do everyday is doing endless exercises again and again and it goes without saying that they have neither time nor motivation to develop innovative ideas.
Fortunately, such phenomena only represent a small part in today's formal education. In general, on my opinion, instead of depriving spirits and minds of freedom, formal education establishes the base of them. To begin with, formal education teaches the principles of thinking to students, which is the prerequisite of free minds. Unconditional liberal minds may bring some horrible consequences, like extreme ethnocentrism produces ethnic cleansing, which has happened several times in the human history and nobody wishes it happen again. One of important issues that formal education dedicates to is teaching students some absolute moral principles that must be followed, whose purpose is ensuring that everyone's spirits and minds will be healthy and free. Like the laws guarantees people's freedom by prescribing people's obligations, the formal education assures the freedom of minds by ruling out principles for minds, since one's unconditional liberal minds may infringe on others' freedom.
Additionally, formal education imparts knowledge to people, which is the foundation of free thinking. If one wants to think freely in a field, he or she must accumulate enough knowledge first. All of the great thinkers in human history, for example, from Socrates to Sartre, is an expert in his or her field before a creative thinker. Without enough accumulation of knowledge, free minds and spirits are just imaginations and dreams, since one will never know what to think in a field without knowing about it. It is the formal education that helps people to amass knowledge and people could hardly meet this standard without receiving formal education.
To sum up, although there are some situations where formal education restrains students' creative abilities, they are just exception cases.
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