GRE 作文题目
来源于朗播用户：Joy1ee
The surest indicator of a great nation is represented not by the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but by the general welfare of its people. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.]
题目分析
翻译
一个伟大国家最真实的体现不是其统治者、艺术家或者科学家的成就，而是其中所有人的全民福利。[说明：写一篇文章，讨论你同意或反对这个说法达到什么程度，并解释你选择这个观点的理由。在展开和支持你的观点时，你需要考虑这个说法可能在哪些方面成立或者不成立，并解释你所考虑的这些东西如何体现你的观点]
指导
本题改编自老GRE的ISSUE170"The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general welfare of all its people"。题目讨论国家伟大的体现形式问题，题目认为相对于个人成就，全面福利才是国家伟大的最真实体现。在分析的过程中，可以从统治者、艺术家、科学家的个人成就以及全民福利都可以展现国家哪些方面的内容，这些展现的表现形式、彼此之间的关系以及概括性、真实性等方面展开思考。需要注意：
1、无论在论述统治者、艺术家、科学家的成就还是全民福利，论点都应该在讨论的是the surest indicator；
2、题目给出的是achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists而不是国家的艺术科技政治水平，分析要针对某人的 achievement；
3、对于此题这种对比型的题目，需要注意不应孤立得去分析二者各自的利弊，而是应当将二者放在一起通过对比、类比等方法将差异展现出来，这样才能说明哪个更好。
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1. 请列举历史上的几个伟大国家、这些国家统治者、艺术家、科学家的成就以及全民福利情况。并分析这些内容在我们了解这些国家的过程中起到的作用。
回答：
二战时期的苏联具有伟大的统治者如列宁Lenin，斯大林（Stalin），但斯大林重视军事发展，使得苏联一跃成为与美国抗争的超级大国，但，长期忽略农业生产造成百姓生活十分艰难，全民福利很差，为最后的苏联瓦解埋下祸根。从苏联的瓦解能够看出，全民的生活保障是一个国家的立国之本，一个国家的经济发展持续良好才能保证国家的兴盛。
2. 统治者、艺术家或者科学家的成就和国家伟大程度之间的关系都有哪些？请结合具体国家、人物以及其成就分析并简述。
回答：
统治者和国家的伟大程度在于政策的制定，最典型的为美国经济危机（The Great Depression)时期的Roosevelt制定的新经济政策（The New Deal），成功帮助美国走出经济萧条，相对的苏联1989年的瓦解（Collapse)也是由于戈尔巴乔夫( Gorbachev )改革。科学家的成就则是促进生产工具的进步，从而实现经济发展，如Watt改良steam machine，Farady发明电动机（Electromotor）以及最后Gates对电脑软件的开发。
3. 全民福利和国家伟大程度之间的关系有哪些？请结合具体国家和当时的全民福利情况分析并简述。
回答：
一个国家伟大与否首先取决于一个国家是否强大，而国家强大则需要强大的经济实力作为支持。经济实力是一个国家的基础，这就要求全民的经济状况良好，福利良好。比如美国，世界头号经济大国，有着完善的社会保障机制.
4. 同全民福利相比，统治者、艺术家或者科学家的成就在反映国家是否伟大的时候，是否存在局限性或者不合理的地方？如果没有，为什么？如果有，请举例并简述。
回答：
存在，因为艺术家、科学家、统治者只是一个国家中的一小部分人，不能代表国家的整体情况。比如在二战时期，德国投入科研的科学家人才辈出，但是由于德国利用科学家的科研成果发动了法西斯战争，德国人民生活凄惨，同时给全世界带来了灾难，德国很难被称为一个伟大的国家。
5. 还有哪些标准或者条件可以反映国家的伟大程度？这些内容同全民福利相比，有哪些优势和不足？是否全民福利是对国家伟大程度最真实的反映？
回答：
国家的伟大程度还可以从科学技术、全民教育水平上体现出来。科学技术可以反映出一个国家的战争能力与文化成果，全民的教育水平则反映出国家平均的文化素质。其优势是能够在科研文化方面促进国家发展，但是受制于国家的经济水平。全民福利则基本反映出一个国家的经济实力，一个国家只有拥有足够的经济实力才有发展的可能。
其他用户的回答
作文
There is inconsiderable number of elements that contribute to a great nation, such as great talents in politics, science and arts, high population quality, people's welfare and the like. They all count in developing a nation's economy, politics and culture. However, recently a debate rises that whether it is the great talents of the country like politicians, scientists and artists that serve as the indicator of a great nation or its people's general welfare.
From my perspective, I stand firmly on the point that it is the general welfare of its people that indicates a nation's greatness for the reason that the general welfare of people directly reflects a nation's economic situation, which works as the building block of its development. If a country with great giants who care nothing about its people's welfare, it is likely that they will lead the nation to crumble. For instance, Stalin,the prime minister of former Soviet, who was widely acknowledged for his success in leading Soviet into one of the two biggest countries in the world during the mid leaf of 20 century, laid excessive stress on the nation's military development and forced his people to work for producing weapons, sharply lowering their living standard and social welfare. Although it was true that at first his focus on military power helped Soviet gain worldwide acknowledgement, gradually his wrongdoings destroyed the economy of the nation and indirectly caused the collapse of Soviet. Contrast to Soviet's collapse, the other super nation, USA, develops steadily for its everlasting notice on its people's living quality and general welfare, which also contributes to its economic development.
The second reason is that good social welfare for its people can help keep society steadiness, protecting the nation from violence and chaos, which will inevitably harm a nation's greatness. Nations from North Europe are just the cases. People from such nations are provided with free education and medical care during their whole life, they are taken good care of by the governments, kept from hard lives. Such nations always enjoy a peaceful and harmonious environment where few violence can be seen. On the contrary, countries like China and India, where people are not provided with good general welfare, are disturbed by violence caused by homeless and helpless people. For example, two years ago in China, an unemployed physics ran into a kindergarten and killed more than 10 children, the explanation for his crime was he couldn't get any help from his relatives and the society after he lost his job. These violence and disturbance resulted from the lack of general welfare indicates that it matters much in its steady development.
It is true that brilliant politicians, scientists, and artists are indispensable indicators of a nation's greatness. They sometimes can make a great contribution for their nations: Roosevelt's New Deal helped USA out of the Great Depression, Watt's improvement in steam machine brought UN into a new age, artists like Monnai and Picasso made Paris the"Art Deco Capital" .However, such improvement in politics, science and arts are based on the steady development of economy, which can directly seen by the nation's general welfare of its people.
From my perspective, I stand firmly on the point that it is the general welfare of its people that indicates a nation's greatness for the reason that the general welfare of people directly reflects a nation's economic situation, which works as the building block of its development. If a country with great giants who care nothing about its people's welfare, it is likely that they will lead the nation to crumble. For instance, Stalin,the prime minister of former Soviet, who was widely acknowledged for his success in leading Soviet into one of the two biggest countries in the world during the mid leaf of 20 century, laid excessive stress on the nation's military development and forced his people to work for producing weapons, sharply lowering their living standard and social welfare. Although it was true that at first his focus on military power helped Soviet gain worldwide acknowledgement, gradually his wrongdoings destroyed the economy of the nation and indirectly caused the collapse of Soviet. Contrast to Soviet's collapse, the other super nation, USA, develops steadily for its everlasting notice on its people's living quality and general welfare, which also contributes to its economic development.
The second reason is that good social welfare for its people can help keep society steadiness, protecting the nation from violence and chaos, which will inevitably harm a nation's greatness. Nations from North Europe are just the cases. People from such nations are provided with free education and medical care during their whole life, they are taken good care of by the governments, kept from hard lives. Such nations always enjoy a peaceful and harmonious environment where few violence can be seen. On the contrary, countries like China and India, where people are not provided with good general welfare, are disturbed by violence caused by homeless and helpless people. For example, two years ago in China, an unemployed physics ran into a kindergarten and killed more than 10 children, the explanation for his crime was he couldn't get any help from his relatives and the society after he lost his job. These violence and disturbance resulted from the lack of general welfare indicates that it matters much in its steady development.
It is true that brilliant politicians, scientists, and artists are indispensable indicators of a nation's greatness. They sometimes can make a great contribution for their nations: Roosevelt's New Deal helped USA out of the Great Depression, Watt's improvement in steam machine brought UN into a new age, artists like Monnai and Picasso made Paris the"Art Deco Capital" .However, such improvement in politics, science and arts are based on the steady development of economy, which can directly seen by the nation's general welfare of its people.
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