GRE 作文题目 来源于朗播用户:christine_800
In any field—business, politics, education, government—those in power should be required to step down after five years. [Specific Task Instruction: Write a response in which you discuss your views on the policy and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider the possible consequences of implementing the policy and explain how these consequences shape your position.]
题目分析
翻译
在任何领域——商业,政治,教育,政府——那些领导者在五年以后都应该下台。[说明:写一篇文章,讨论你对于这个政策的观点,并解释你选择这个观点的理由。在展开和支持你的观点时,你需要考虑这个政策生效以后可能带来的结果,并解释这些结果如何支持了你的观点]
指导
相对于老GRE考试中的ISSUE70"In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership",本题省略了一个理由,也就使得讨论内容更加宽泛。对于本题,可以从几个方面来进行思考:对于领导者本身来说,五年时间会对他/她的领导方式、方法、思路有哪些正负面的影响;对于行业或者领域本身,更换领导的利和弊。
1. 描述一个曾经很辉煌,而后来失去了活力的机构(企业,政府等),并分析它失去活力的原因。这些原因是否与领导者有关系?
回答: 苏联。领导体制僵化,政治斗争,与美国进行军备竞赛,搞垮经济,从而导致解体。
2. 在导致事业失去活力的原因中,哪些原因跟领导者有关系?有什么关系?请举例说明。
回答: 领导过于自信,相信自己胜于市场规则。比如我曾就职过的一家中国传媒公司,早期领导是紧紧跟随市场的步伐,但后来由于成功的次数多了,便开始执着于自己的判断和做法,不仅方法不对,并且失败了多次后,仍相信成功是时间问题,公司便因为这样的决定而浪费了大量的时间成本。
3. 更换新的领导会给事业发展带来什么好处和什么弊端?在一定时间内更换领导对哪些行业更有好处?请举例说明。
回答: 好处:新的领导如果了解原有的事业基础,有相应的管理经验,并且能有创新和继承,将有利于公司的发展。Jack Welch与GT。 弊端:很多的公司,在创始人离开后,由于继任者对事业的了解不如创始人,并且也没有他们的天才,使得事业慢慢变得平庸。如MS, Apple.
4. 对一个领导者的领导水平的评判应该考虑哪些因素?请举例说明。
回答: 1、专业才能,如SJ, BG等 2、管理能力,如JW 3、对行业发展特点的洞悉,如SJ
其他用户的回答
作文
Just from the day that people started to live by group, the issue of management appeared. Among the different elements in these topics, the function of leader is highly focused on, and there is always a debate about the time of their tenure of the office--whether it is appropriate for all the leaders, in the field of education, business, government, to be required to step dowmn after five years. As for me, i think the tenure of a leader should be determined by the characteristic of different field and the leader's quality. Admittedly, there is an obvious disadvantage in the political field, if the leader is on his/her position for a long time, that is, without the worry of losing power, it is easy for the leader to generate rent-seeking bureaucracy, so that the base of democracy will be entirely ruined. Even not the same person, but a same party can also bring the disaster to a country because of the one-party system, such as Soviet Union. The highly concentrated political system eventually made the government official turned into a class full of privilege. During the depression period, comparing to the  common people lacking the basic living condition, the members of the party in power could still enjoy their luxury life. Therefore, we can see that in the political field, it is very necessary to require those in power to step down after five years. The policy written in the constitution of all the democratic countries claims that the top leaders should be changed in every four or five years, which is one of the best ways to avoid the absolute corruption caused by the absolute power. However, in the business field, the situation is more complicated. We cannot arbitrarily determine the tenure of the leader simply by the span of time. It is often said that the new leader, with the new idea about the developing trend of the industry, has the strong willing to renovate, thus, they will imbue the fresh thinking to the management to make a change in the company. For example, Jack Welch, a temporary master of management, became the most young CEO of GE in his 45 years old. At that moment, he also started a fight with the rigid hierarchy in GE. He firstly eliminated 4 management levels so that the order can worked efficiently, and then cut down 25% sub-enterprises to make resource more concentrated and made more profit. Not for a long time, GE returned to one of the greatest companies in the world and Jack Welch also won the reputation all over the world. On the other hand, we can see some companies, having the gene of the leaders who founded the company, which are hard for others to manage, especially the IT companies. Because in this industry, the visionary talent is extremely crucial for its success, the MS, Apple, Google, ect, are the right cases to illustrate this. Bill Gates made the miracle of MS through window operation system, however, when he resigned from the board, the MS leaded by Steve Ballmer has little inspiration for innovation. Apple company form a fanatic buying fashion by Steve Jobs, who built a strong engine to reject mediocre and create something unusual for this company. Now as he left this world, people started to predict Apple will finally become an ordinary IT company. The cased mentioned above just pass us a signal that some companies are just the ones only the genius founders can build and develop. In these cases, the management time cannot be strictly defined by 5 years. To sum up, the management should abide by the rule of democracy and equity, and the leader should have the required and matching personalities, such as vision, passion, create,  management skill and so on. The aim of management is to make reasonable use of all the resources--intelligence, materials, fund--to create more and more richful outcome for the wonderful future of all human beings, thus, besides the time of  tenure, we should have a comprehensive thinking about the topic of management. That's why i don't totally agree with this statement.
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