回答： 牛顿on the basis of Galileo's contribution，Newton founded the Law of Gravity, which explains the law of motion. Newton once claimed that If I have seen farther than others, that is because I stand on the shoulders of giants. The giants he referred to is the very knowledge in the field of physics accumulated by prior physicists, which helped him to achieve his systematic law of classical physics。电动机这一工业革命的伟大产物，离不开电磁理论的发展。网络的发展，离不开计算机技术的进步。

回答： Planck, the famous physicist, graduated at age 17 and then first came in contact with the field of physics. Planck was gifted when it came to music. He took singing lessons and played piano, organ and cello, and composed songs and operas. However, instead of music he chose to study physics. Even his physics teacher advised him against going into physics, saying, "in this field, almost everything is already discovered, and all that remains is to fill a few holes." However, he promoted Planck constant, Planck postulate and Planck's law of black body radiation in his physicist career and made great contribution to the newly discovered field of physics, quantum physics. Get rid of the dominance of traditional viewpoints and promote new ideas.

回答： 一个领域中的成就对以后该领域的发展和思考产生了很多革命性的影响。比如说，iphone的问世，掀起了智能手机的革命，带动了触屏手机，智能手机的巨大发展。各大手机巨头纷纷转型做触屏的智能手机。然后，苹果推出了ipad彻底改变了电脑市场，冲击了传统电脑的销售和思维，引领各大厂商跟风做平板电脑。

回答： 过去的成就能够给新的东西提供基础，当时这些东西并不是不可替代的，有的时候，新的理论创立要突破就理论的束缚和瓶颈。